Analysis of Diesel Engines using Biodiesel Blended from Waste Cooking Oil and LDPE Plastic Waste Pyrolysis Oil

In light of dwindling fossil fuel reserves and the adverse environmental impacts associated with fossil fuel combustion, there is an urgent need to explore environmentally friendly alternative fuels and methods for converting waste into energy. This study evaluates the performance of a single-cylinder diesel engine using three types of fuel: B0 (pure diesel), DW30P5 (70% diesel, 25% biodiesel from waste cooking oil (WCO), and 5% plastic pyrolysis oil), and DW50P5 (50% diesel, 45% biodiesel WCO, and 5% plastic pyrolysis oil). The focus of the research is on torque, Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC), thermal efficiency, and emissions (NOx, CO, and O2). The results indicate that at 1000 RPM, DW50P5 achieves the highest torque of 5.36 N·m and the best thermal efficiency of 14.75%, while B0 at no load exhibits the lowest torque of 2.53 N·m and the lowest thermal efficiency of 8.49%. The highest SFC is recorded for B0 at no load at 989.76 g/kWh, whereas DW30P5 at 2000 watts load shows the lowest SFC of 598.01 g/kWh. At 1200 RPM, DW30P5 with a 2000-watt load reaches a thermal efficiency of 13.59% and an SFC of 636.45 g/kWh, while B0 at 4000 watts load shows the lowest thermal efficiency of 10.23% and the highest SFC of 890.77 g/kWh. At 1400 RPM, DW50P5 with a 1000-watt load records the highest thermal efficiency of 15.87% and the lowest SFC of 562.36 g/kWh, while B0 with a 3000-watt load shows the lowest thermal efficiency of 7.95% and the highest SFC of 1034.69 g/kWh. Additionally, emissions of NOx and CO decrease with the use of blended fuels. Overall, DW50P5 demonstrates superior performance across various parameters compared to B0 and DW30P5, making it the optimal choice in terms of efficiency, torque, and environmental impact. This study highlights the potential of waste-based fuel blends as a viable alternative to fossil fuels, supporting the advancement of renewable energy and reduction of environmental impact.