A mini review: Medicinal plants for typhoid fever in Indonesia

Nature is currently one of the medicinal agents used for treatment of some diseases, such as typhoid fever. The increasing number of antibiotic resistance strains has prompted researchers to find new modes of therapy for these diseases. Patients who suffer resistance to antibiotics need longer time for hospitalization to recover from that disease. Some studies focus on traditional therapy using plants, not only for typhoid fever, but also other infectious and metabolic diseases. According to the literature, there are 32 plants that have antimicrobial effect, anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, and phagocytic stimulation effects for Salmonella typhi which can be used as an alternative therapy for typhoid fever. All of the plants are found in Indonesia such as Punica granatum, Carica papaya, Cocus nucifera, Cymbopogon citratus, Mangifera Indica, Solanum lycopersicum, Solanum nigrum, Manilkara zapota, Myristica fragrans, Cymbopogon citratus, Citratus aurantifolia, Momordica charantia, Moringa oleifera, Luffa acutangula, Aloe vera, Psidium guavaja, Allium sativum, Occimum gratissimum and Apium graveolens L.