4-Antenna array for MIMO operation in the 5G mobile device

As a very promising choice for wireless communication, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology has the potential to alleviate traffic capacity limitations in high-speed broadband wireless network access. The MIMO system uses multiple antennas at the sending and receiving ends to increase the performance and efficiency of wireless communication systems. This study presents a 4-antenna array for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) functioning in smartphones running in the 2.3-GHz band (2160–2440 MHz). The antenna array is made up of a ground plane at the bottom of the FR-4 dielectric substrate and four patch antennas of a specific size placed in the top layer. Every antenna in the suggested array is coaxially fed, has a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms, and has the identical dimensions—13 x 9 mm2 (0.100λ × 0.069 λ), where λ is the wavelength at 2.3 GHz). To obtain the appropriate resonance frequency, four inverted L-strips are applied in the ground plane. The simulation results were produced using CST software. This antenna is built, and typically, experimental results such as the S-parameter and radiation pattern are reported, with good agreement between simulation and actual results. The manufactured four-antenna arrays have a 10 dB return loss in the long-term evolution (LTE) range of 2.16 GHz to 2.44 GHz. The simulated envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) was below 0.005.